{"id":11202,"date":"2021-10-08T08:28:14","date_gmt":"2021-10-08T00:28:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/revolution.tw\/?p=11202"},"modified":"2021-10-08T08:28:14","modified_gmt":"2021-10-08T00:28:14","slug":"defeat-of-anti-gorbachev-coup-leads-to-collapse-of-ussr","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/isataiwan.org\/defeat-of-anti-gorbachev-coup-leads-to-collapse-of-ussr\/","title":{"rendered":"30\u5e74\u524d\u2014\u2014\u53cd\u6208\u5df4\u5951\u592b\u653f\u8b8a\u5931\u6557\u5f15\u81f4\u8607\u806f\u89e3\u9ad4"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>1991\u5e748\u670819\u65e5\u2014\u20148\u4eba\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u8ecd\u653f\u5e9c\u5ba3\u4f48\uff1a\u8607\u806f\u7e3d\u66f8\u8a18\u6208\u5df4\u5951\u592b\uff08Mikhail Gorbachev\uff09\u67d3\u75be\uff0c\u300c\u7dca\u6025\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u300d\u63a5\u7ba1\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u5e45\u54e1\u907c\u95ca\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u3002\u9019\u5834\u653f\u8b8a\u7684\u5931\u6557\u70ba\u8607\u806f\u89e3\u9ad4\u62c9\u958b\u4e86\u5e8f\u5e55\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<p>Rob Jones \u2014 \u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u516b\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u76ee\u64ca\u8005\u548c\u89aa\u6b77\u8005\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u66ff\u4ee3\uff08ISA\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n<p>1991\u5e748\u670819\u65e5\u7684\u65b0\u805e\u767c\u4f48\u6703\u4e0a\uff0c\u516b\u540d\u5e74\u9081\u7684\u5c07\u9818\u3001\u514b\u683c\u52c3\u5b98\u54e1\u548c\u53f2\u9054\u6797\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u5b98\u50da\u5011\u5ba3\u4f48\u4e86\u300c\u7dca\u6025\u72c0\u614b\u300d\uff0c\u537b\u7121\u6cd5\u8b93\u90a3\u4e9b\u5bc4\u5e0c\u671b\u65bc\u4ed6\u5011\u62ef\u6551\u8607\u806f\u7684\u4eba\u5145\u6eff\u4fe1\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/isataiwan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/\u5f9e\u5de6\u81f3\u53f3\u5206\u5225\u70baAlexander-Tizyakov-Vasily-Starodubtsev-Boris-Pugo-Gennady-Yanayev-Oleg-Baklanov\u3002-1.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11203\"\/><figcaption>\u5f9e\u5de6\u81f3\u53f3\u5206\u5225\u70baAlexander Tizyakov, Vasily Starodubtsev, Boris Pugo, Gennady Yanayev, Oleg Baklanov\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u90a3\u500b\u967d\u5149\u660e\u5a9a\u7684\u661f\u671f\u4e00\u65e9\u6668\uff0c\u8ecd\u653f\u5e9c\u6d3e\u51fa\u7684\u5766\u514b\u7531\u5e74\u8f15\u7684\u5fb5\u53ec\u65b0\u5175\u99d5\u99db\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u5728\u88dd\u7532\u4e0a\u9084\u639b\u8457\u8868\u793a\u5b78\u7fd2\u99d5\u99db\u7684\u300cY\u5b57\u724c\u300d\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u9047\u5230\u7d05\u71c8\u5c31\u505c\u4e0b\u4f86\uff01\u6c92\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6bd4\u9019\u66f4\u80fd\u8aaa\u660e\u8ecd\u653f\u5e9c\u662f\u591a\u9ebc\u5730\u8207\u5916\u754c\u812b\u7bc0\u3001\u5be6\u969b\u652f\u6301\u5ea6\u5982\u6b64\u5730\u4f4e\u3002\u7576\u5766\u514b\u5230\u9054\u7d05\u5834\u548c\u514b\u91cc\u59c6\u6797\u5bae\u65c1\u908a\u7684\u99b4\u99ac\u5834\u5ee3\u5834\u5ee3\u5834\u6642\uff0c\u5766\u514b\u53f8\u6a5f\u767c\u73fe\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u9053\u8def\u88ab\u7121\u8ecc\u96fb\u8eca\u64cb\u4f4f\u4e86\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u96fb\u8eca\u88ab\u53f8\u6a5f\u6545\u610f\u5f04\u58de\uff0c\u5145\u7576\u81e8\u6642\u8def\u969c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/isataiwan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/\u7121\u8ecc\u96fb\u8eca\u8857\u58d8\u5c0d\u6297\u5766\u514b-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11205\"\/><figcaption>\u7121\u8ecc\u96fb\u8eca\u8857\u58d8\u5c0d\u6297\u5766\u514b<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p>\u5c0d\u653f\u8b8a\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u53cd\u61c9\u4e26\u975e\u6709\u4eba\u523b\u610f\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u3002\u5b98\u5a92\u53ea\u662f\u7c21\u55ae\u5730\u64ad\u653e\u653f\u8b8a\u9818\u5c0e\u4eba\u7684\u65b0\u805e\u767c\u4f48\u6703\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7a7f\u63d2\u8457\u82ad\u857e\u821e\u5287\u300a\u5929\u9d5d\u6e56\u300b\u3002\u7576\u6642\u6c92\u6709\u79fb\u52d5\u96fb\u8a71\uff0c\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u4e92\u806f\u7db2\uff0c\u56fa\u7db2\u96fb\u8a71\u4e5f\u8d85\u8ca0\u8377\u904b\u8f49\u3002\u4eba\u5011\u53ea\u662f\u544a\u8a34\u670b\u53cb\u3001\u5bb6\u4eba\u548c\u540c\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e26\u958b\u59cb\u6e67\u5165\u5e02\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u767c\u751f\u5728\u7576\u6642\u7684\u5217\u5be7\u683c\u52d2\uff08\u4eca\u8056\u5f7c\u5f97\u5821\uff09\u548c\u9019\u500b\u9f90\u5927\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u57ce\u5e02\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u4e2d\u5348\u6642\u5206\uff0c\u5728\u5df2\u7d93\u805a\u96c6\u5728\u99b4\u99ac\u5834\u5ee3\u5834\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e2d\u958b\u59cb\u6d41\u50b3\u8b20\u8a00\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u6c11\u773e\u8207\u5766\u514b\u58eb\u5175\u8ac7\u7b11\u98a8\u751f\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u628a\u6230\u8eca\u6392\u6210\u4e00\u5217\uff0c\u505c\u5728\u9f90\u5927\u5b98\u50da\u6a5f\u69cb\u300c\u570b\u5bb6\u8a08\u5283\u90e8\u300d\u7684\u5927\u6a13\u65c1\uff08\u4eca\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u570b\u5bb6\u675c\u99ac\u5927\u6a13\uff09\u30026\u6708\u7576\u9078\u70ba\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u806f\u90a6\uff0815\u500b\u8607\u806f\u5171\u548c\u570b\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\uff09\u7e3d\u7d71\u7684\u8449\u723e\u8f9b\uff0c\u547c\u7c72\u767c\u52d5\u7e3d\u7f77\u5de5\u3002\u8207\u6208\u5df4\u5951\u592b\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4ed6\u6c92\u6709\u88ab\u902e\u6355\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8207\u4ed6\u7684\u540c\u9ee8\u4e00\u8d77\u9003\u9032\u4e86\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u7684\u767d\u5bae\uff0c\u5373\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u653f\u5e9c\u5927\u6a13\u3002\u5728\u90a3\u88e1\uff0c\u4ed6\u865f\u53ec\u4eba\u5011\u4fdd\u885b\u767d\u5bae\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/isataiwan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u4eba\u8207\u90e8\u968a\u58eb\u5175\u53cb\u597d\u5171\u8655-1-1024x726.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11218\"\/><figcaption>\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u4eba\u8207\u90e8\u968a\u58eb\u5175\u53cb\u597d\u5171\u8655<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p>\u5230\u4e86\u665a\u4e0a\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u4e0b\u8457\u66b4\u96e8\uff0c\u5e7e\u5341\u842c\u666e\u901a\u7684\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u6c11\u773e\u9084\u662f\u5305\u570d\u4e86\u5927\u6a13\uff0c\u665d\u591c\u4e0d\u505c\uff0c\u8f2a\u756a\u4e0a\u9663\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u653f\u8b8a\u6d41\u7522\u3002\u4eba\u5011\u5728\u5165\u53e3\u8655\u7684\u9053\u8def\u4e0a\u7bc9\u8d77\u4e86\u8def\u969c\uff0c\u99c1\u8239\u53f8\u6a5f\u5c01\u9396\u4e86\u6cbf\u767d\u5bae\u524d\u9762\u6d41\u904e\u7684\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u6cb3\uff0c\u4ee5\u963b\u6b62\u8239\u96bb\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u5011\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u77ad\u89e3\u5230\u653f\u8b8a\u7684\u771f\u5be6\u6027\u8cea\u3002\u7576\u6642\u6211\u5011\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u6210\u54e1\uff0c\u4e00\u540d\u5728\u96e2\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u7d0450\u516c\u91cc\u7684\u5de5\u5ee0\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5e74\u8f15\u92fc\u9435\u5de5\u4eba\uff0c\u807d\u5230\u9019\u500b\u6d88\u606f\u5f8c\u5c31\u53bb\u4e0a\u73ed\u4e86\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u53ec\u96c6\u4ed6\u7684\u5de5\u53cb\u5011\u51fa\u4f86\u6297\u8b70\u3002 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class=\"wp-image-11207\"\/><figcaption>1989\u5e74\u8607\u806f\u5f9e\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u64a4\u8ecd<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u6208\u5df4\u5951\u592b\u8a66\u5716\u91cd\u632f\u7d93\u6fdf\uff0c\u4f46\u537b\u4f7f\u7d93\u6fdf\u9677\u5165\u5d29\u6f70\u3002\u8fb2\u7522\u54c1\u50f9\u683c\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u653e\u5bec\u4f7f\u50f9\u683c\u66b4\u6f32\u3002\u5b98\u50da\u5011\u4ee5\u653e\u9b06\u7ba1\u5236\u70ba\u85c9\u53e3\uff0c\u5c55\u958b\u4e86\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u7684\u63a0\u596a\u3002\u7576\u5c40\u7c97\u66b4\u5730\u5be6\u884c\u7981\u9152\u4ee4\u4f86\u89e3\u6c7a\u9157\u9152\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u537b\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e86\u5bb6\u5ead\u9152\u5ee0\u7684\u7206\u70b8\u6027\u589e\u9577\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u7528\u65bc\u91c0\u9152\u7684\u6750\u6599\u4e5f\u51fa\u73fe\u77ed\u7f3a\u3002\u5546\u5e97\u88e1\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u98df\u7269\u4e86\u3002\u52301990\u5e74\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u57fa\u672c\u98df\u54c1\u5728\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u57ce\u5e02\u751a\u81f3\u8981\u5be6\u884c\u914d\u7d66\u5236\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u6df7\u4e82\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u6642\u6a5f\uff0c\u6070\u597d\u9047\u4e0a\u897f\u65b9\u7d93\u6fdf\u67d0\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7684\u5fa9\u7526\u2014\u2014\u5b98\u50da\u5011\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u88ab\u300c\u5e02\u5834\u300d\u6a21\u5f0f\u6240\u5438\u5f15\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>\u6211\u5011\u7576\u6642\u57281990\u5e7411\u6708\u8aaa\u4e86\u4ec0\u9ebc<br \/><\/strong>\u300c\u8a31\u591a\u4eba\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u64fa\u812b\u5371\u6a5f\u7684\u9014\u5f91\u662f\u901a\u904e\u79c1\u6709\u5316\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u5e02\u5834\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5371\u96aa\u7684\u5e7b\u89ba\u3002\u79c1\u6709\u5316\u5c07\u64fe\u4e82\u5e02\u5834\u4e2d\u5df2\u7d93\u975e\u5e38\u8106\u5f31\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u5728\u666e\u904d\u77ed\u7f3a\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b83\u5c07\u5c0e\u81f4\u9a5a\u4eba\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u904f\u5236\u7684\u901a\u8ca8\u81a8\u8139\u3002\u5728\u5f88\u9577\u4e00\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\u5167\uff0c\u9019\u5c07\u5e38\u614b\u5316\u3002\u5728\u5ee3\u6cdb\u8ca7\u56f0\u689d\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u79c1\u6709\u5316\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u5c07\u5e7e\u5341\u5e74\u4f86\u5c08\u5236\u4e3b\u7fa9\u79d8\u5bc6\u8cc7\u672c\u539f\u59cb\u7a4d\u7d2f\u5408\u6cd5\u5316\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u90a3\u4e9b\u5e74\u7684\u5de5\u8cca\u548c\u7f6a\u72af\u624d\u80fd\u63a5\u7ba1\u751f\u7522\u8cc7\u6599\u3002\u300e\u5bcc\u4eba\u6703\u8b8a\u5f97\u66f4\u5bcc\uff0c\u7aae\u4eba\u6703\u8b8a\u5f97\u66f4\u7aae\u300f\u3002\u4f01\u696d\u8f49\u79fb\u5230\u79c1\u4eba\u624b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c07\u5c0e\u81f4\u52de\u52d5\u529b\u7684\u524a\u6e1b\u548c\u52de\u52d5\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u5f37\u5316\u3002\u525d\u524a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5c07\u8fc5\u901f\u589e\u9577\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u64c1\u8e89\u5982\u4f55\u9f13\u52d5\u3001\u8a66\u5716\u8aaa\u670d\u6211\u5011\uff0c\u7a31\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u50cf\u5728\u745e\u5178\u4e00\u6a23\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u6211\u5011\u80fd\u9810\u8a08\u7684\u6700\u597d\u7d50\u679c\u662f\u5d29\u6f70\u5230\u963f\u6839\u5ef7\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u300d\u300a\u5de5\u4eba\u6c11\u4e3b\u300b1990\u5e7411\u6708\u7b2c\u4e00\u865f<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u52301990\u5e74\uff0c\u8607\u806f\u9818\u5c0e\u7684\u6771\u6b50\u96c6\u5718\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u5df2\u7d93\u5d29\u6f70\u4e86\u3002\u6ce2\u862d\u9078\u51fa\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u975e\u5171\u7522\u9ee8\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u67cf\u6797\u7246\u88ab\u63a8\u5012\uff0c1990\u5e7412\u670825\u65e5\uff0c\u7f85\u99ac\u5c3c\u4e9e\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u8d77\u7fa9\u63a8\u7ffb\u4e86\u53ef\u618e\u7684\u9f4a\u5967\u585e\u65af\u5eab\u7368\u88c1\u653f\u6b0a\uff0c\u884c\u5211\u968a\u516c\u958b\u8655\u6c7a\u4e86\u4ed6\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u59bb\u5b50\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u96fb\u8996\u4e0a\u76f4\u64ad\u3002\u5357\u65af\u62c9\u592b\u6b63\u6025\u901f\u6b65\u5411\u89e3\u9ad4\u548c\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u7a2e\u65cf\u885d\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u6208\u5df4\u5951\u592b\u653f\u6b0a\u4e0d\u50c5\u7121\u6cd5\u5e72\u9810\u963b\u6b62\u9019\u4e00\u9032\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u53ea\u662f\u9f13\u52f5\u4e86\u6574\u500b\u8607\u806f\u4e0d\u6eff\u60c5\u7dd2\u7684\u589e\u9577\u3002\u54c8\u85a9\u514b\u65af\u5766\u5730\u5340\u7684\u793a\u5a01\u6d3b\u52d5\u88ab\u6b66\u529b\u93ae\u58d3\uff0c\u5c0d\u74b0\u5883\u72c0\u6cc1\u7684\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u6297\u8b70\u5e2d\u6372\u4e86\u9ad8\u52a0\u7d22\u548c\u6ce2\u7f85\u7684\u6d77\u570b\u5bb6\u3002\u5728\u7d0d\u6208\u723e\u8afe-\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u7206\u767c\u4e86\u7a2e\u65cf\u885d\u7a81\u3002\u7fa4\u773e\u904b\u52d5\u5728\u6ce2\u7f85\u7684\u6d77\u570b\u5bb6\u3001\u6469\u723e\u591a\u74e6\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u8513\u5ef6\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u6c7a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u8607\u806f\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u7684\u52a0\u76df\u5171\u548c\u570b\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e5f\u5728\u5931\u53bb\u63a7\u5236\u5730\u767c\u5c55\u3002\u751f\u6d3b\u5fc5\u9700\u54c1\u7684\u666e\u904d\u77ed\u7f3a\u5728\u5de5\u4eba\u968e\u7d1a\u5167\u90e8\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u5f37\u70c8\u4e0d\u6eff\u3002\u7576\u7926\u4e95\u53e3\u7684\u6dcb\u6d74\u5668\u91cc\u6c92\u6709\u80a5\u7682\u6642\uff0c\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u7926\u5de5\u904b\u52d5\u7206\u767c\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/isataiwan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/\u7926\u5de5\u7f77\u5de5\uff1a\u6a6b\u5e45\u4e0a\u5beb\u8457\u300c\u7926\u5de5\uff01-\u5805\u6301\u5230\u6700\u5f8c\uff01\u300d\u4e26\u5728\u4e0b\u65b9\u6a19\u8a9e\u724c\u5beb\u4e0a\u300c\u6253\u5012\u5b98\u50da\u300d.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11210\"\/><figcaption>\u7926\u5de5\u7f77\u5de5\uff1a\u6a6b\u5e45\u4e0a\u5beb\u8457\u300c\u7926\u5de5\uff01-\u5805\u6301\u5230\u6700\u5f8c\uff01\u300d\u4e26\u5728\u4e0b\u65b9\u6a19\u8a9e\u724c\u5beb\u4e0a\u300c\u6253\u5012\u5b98\u50da\u300d<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p>1989\u5e74\u5728\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u6700\u5317\u90e8\u7684\u6c83\u723e\u5eab\u5854\u767c\u751f\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u7f77\u5de5\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e866\u9805\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n<p>* \u652f\u4ed8\u6240\u6709\u6b20\u85aa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>* \u5546\u5b9a\u9069\u7576\u7684\u6316\u7164\u5de5\u8cc7\u548c\u52a0\u73ed\u8cbb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>* \u5be9\u67e5\u751f\u7522\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u5011\u592a\u9ad8\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>* \u89e3\u6c7a\u4e0d\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5de5\u8cc7\u5dee\u7570\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>* \u5c07\u7164\u7926\u7684\u884c\u653f\u6a5f\u69cb\u6e1b\u5c1140%\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>* 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Pugo\uff09\u5728\u7b2c\u4e09\u5929\u81ea\u6bba\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u5305\u62ec\u524d\u7e3d\u7406\u5e15\u592b\u6d1b\u592b\uff08Valentin Pavlov\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f8c\u4f86\u5728\u79c1\u4eba\u9280\u884c\u90e8\u9580\u5de5\u4f5c\u6210\u70ba\u4e86\u5bcc\u8c6a\u3002\u5df4\u514b\u62c9\u8afe\u592b\uff08Oleg Baklanov\uff09\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u5bb6\u706b\u7bad\u88fd\u9020\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u8463\u4e8b\u6703\u4e3b\u5e2d\u3002\u65af\u5854\u7f85\u675c\u5e03\u65af\u7279\u592b\uff08Vasily Starodubstev\uff09\u6210\u4e86\u5730\u5340\u9577\u5b98\u548c\u8fb2\u5de5\u4f01\u696d\u806f\u76df\u7684\u8ca0\u8cac\u4eba\u3002\u63d0\u8332\u4e9e\u79d1\u592b\uff08Alexandr Tizyakov\uff09\u6210\u70ba\u5e7e\u500b\u5de5\u696d\u516c\u53f8\u751a\u81f3\u6295\u8cc7\u57fa\u91d1\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8005\u548c\u8463\u4e8b\u3002\u66fe\u4efb\u6700\u9ad8\u8607\u7dad\u57c3\u4e3b\u5e2d\u7684\u76e7\u57fa\u63da\u8afe\u592b\uff08Anatoly Lukyanov\uff09\u5728\u653f\u8b8a\u5f8c\u6210\u70ba\u4e45\u52a0\u8afe\u592b\u9818\u5c0e\u7684\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u806f\u90a6\u5171\u7522\u9ee8\u7684\u5171\u540c\u5275\u59cb\u4eba\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u5bb6\u77f3\u6cb9\u548c\u5929\u7136\u6c23\u52d8\u63a2\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u8463\u4e8b\u6703\u6210\u54e1\u3002\u74e6\u9023\u5c3c\u79d1\u592b\uff08Valentin Varennikov\uff09\u5728\u5171\u540c\u5275\u5efa\u5927\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u6c11\u65cf\u6c99\u6587\u4e3b\u7fa9\u653f\u9ee8\u300c\u7956\u570b\u9ee8\u300d\u4e4b\u524d\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u540d\u5171\u7522\u9ee8\u54e1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5c0d\u5b98\u50da\u653f\u6b0a\u7684\u8faf\u8b77<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u9a45\u4f7f\u653f\u8b8a\u5206\u5b50\u767c\u52d5\u8ecd\u4e8b\u653f\u8b8a\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u7dad\u6301\u5b98\u50da\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0d\u5584\u7684\u8a08\u5283\u7d93\u6fdf\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u5728\u904e\u6e21\u5411\u5e02\u5834\u7d93\u6fdf\u671f\u9593\u7dad\u6301\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u96c6\u6b0a\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u6a5f\u5668\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u516c\u958b\u53cd\u5c0d\u6208\u5df4\u5951\u592b\u8ac7\u5224\u7684\u300c\u65b0\u806f\u76df\u689d\u7d04\u300d\u5c31\u8b49\u660e\u77ad\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u8a72\u689d\u7d04\u5c07\u5927\u5e45\u524a\u6e1b\u8607\u7dad\u57c3\u570b\u5bb6\u4e2d\u592e \u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u3002\u524d\u8607\u806f\u7684\u516d\u500b\u52a0\u76df\u5171\u548c\u570b\uff1a\u6ce2\u7f85\u7684\u6d77\u4e09\u570b\u3001\u6469\u723e\u591a\u74e6\u3001\u683c\u9b6f\u5409\u4e9e\u548c\u4e9e\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9e\u5df2\u7d93\u57281990\u5e74\u5ba3\u4f48\u4ed6\u5011\u812b\u96e2\u8607\u806f\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u610f\u9858\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/isataiwan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/\u7acb\u9676\u5b9b\u7684\u6297\u8b70\u8005\u8981\u6c42\u7368\u7acb\uff081990\u5e74\uff09-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11211\"\/><figcaption>\u7acb\u9676\u5b9b\u7684\u6297\u8b70\u8005\u8981\u6c42\u7368\u7acb\uff081990\u5e74\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p>\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u5171\u548c\u570b\u9054\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u9805\u5354\u8b70\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u6539\u8b8a\u4e86\u5b83\u5011\u8207\u4e2d\u592e\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u5927\u5bb6\u9664\u4e86\u6709\u5171\u540c\u7684\u7e3d\u7d71\u3001\u5916\u4ea4\u653f\u7b56\u548c\u8ecd\u968a\u5916\uff0c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u6b0a\u529b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u81ea\u7136\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u90fd\u5c07\u5728\u5404\u5171\u548c\u570b\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u4e4b\u4e0b\u3002\u8a72\u63d0\u6848\u57281991\u5e743\u6708\u4ed8\u8af8\u5168\u6c11\u516c\u6c7a\uff0c76%\u7684\u4eba\u6295\u4e86\u8d0a\u6210\u7968\uff0c\u4e26\u539f\u5b9a\u65bc8\u670820\u65e5\u6700\u7d42\u7c3d\u7f72\u3002\u7136\u800c\u653f\u8b8a\u6253\u65b7\u4e86\u9019\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u4e26\u6539\u8b8a\u4e86\u6574\u500b\u767c\u5c55\u52d5\u614b\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u5c0e\u81f4\u8607\u806f\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u9ad4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u6beb\u7121\u7591\u554f\uff0c\u8ecd\u653f\u5e9c\u6210\u54e1\u6e96\u5099\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f86\u596a\u53d6\u6b0a\u529b\u3002 \u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u5ba3\u4f48\u4e86\u5bb5\u7981\u4ee4\u3002\u4e09\u5929\u4f86\uff0c\u95dc\u65bc\u8ab0\u5728\u54ea\u88e1\u3001\u54ea\u652f\u90e8\u968a\u5165\u57ce\u7b49\u7684\u8b20\u8a00\u56db\u8d77\u3002\u7576\u5c40\u7b2c\u4e00\u5929\u5c31\u52d5\u54e1\u4e86\u5169\u500b\u5766\u514b\u5e2b\u548c\u6578\u5343\u540d\u58eb\u5175\u4f86\u596a\u53d6\u57ce\u5e02\u3002\u9031\u4e8c\uff0c\u653f\u8b8a\u5206\u5b50\u6e96\u5099\u4e86\u300c\u96f7\u9706\u884c\u52d5\u300d\uff1a\u6d3e\u51fa\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5766\u514b\u3001\u5098\u5175\u548c\u76f4\u5347\u6a5f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u81ed\u540d\u662d\u8457\u7684Alpha\u548cVympel\u7279\u7a2e\u4f5c\u6230\u90e8\u968a\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u9632\u66b4\u8b66\u5bdf\uff0c\u7528\u65bc\u653b\u4f54\u767d\u5bae\u3002\u5305\u62ec\u5f8c\u4f86\u4f5c\u70ba\u76ae\u8afe\u5207\u7279\u5f0f\u4eba\u7269\u9032\u5165\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u653f\u58c7\u7684\u5217\u5225\u5fb7\uff08Lebed\uff09\u5c07\u8ecd\u5728\u5167\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5b98\u54e1\uff0c\u5728\u6c7a\u5b9a\u884c\u52d5\u4e4b\u524d\u6ef2\u900f\u5230\u767d\u5bae\u5468\u570d\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e2d\uff0c\u8a55\u4f30\u5c40\u52e2\u3002 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Pavlov\uff09\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u59bb\u5b50\u9001\u51fa\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u559d\u5f97\u592a\u9189\u4e86\u3002\u7279\u7a2e\u90e8\u968a\u4e0d\u77e5\u70ba\u4f55\u6c92\u6709\u6309\u7167\u547d\u4ee4\u902e\u6355\u8449\u723e\u8f9b\uff0c\u800c\u4e00\u4e9b\u9032\u5165\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u7684\u5766\u514b\u5175\u5247\u8fc5\u901f\u5012\u6208\u53bb\u4fdd\u885b\u767d\u5bae\u3002\u5728\u653f\u8b8a\u9032\u5165\u7b2c\u4e09\u5929\u7684\u51cc\u6668\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u767c\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u5834\u6df7\u6230\uff0c\u793a\u5a01\u8005\u8a66\u5716\u963b\u6b62\u4e00\u8f1b\u5766\u514b\u99db\u5411\u767d\u5bae\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e09\u540d\u793a\u5a01\u8005\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002\u6b64\u5f8c\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u7cbe\u92b3\u7684\u7279\u7a2e\u90e8\u968a\u4e5f\u62d2\u7d55\u6309\u7167\u547d\u4ee4\u9032\u8ecd\u3002\u653f\u8b8a\u9818\u5c0e\u4eba\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u5c07\u90e8\u968a\u64a4\u51fa\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p><strong>\u8449\u723e\u8f9b\u7684\u89d2\u8272<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u5f8c\u4f86\u6f14\u8b8a\u6210\u95dc\u65bc\u653f\u8b8a\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u795e\u8a71\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u7e3d\u7d71\u8449\u723e\u8f9b\u5f9e\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\u5c31\u63a1\u53d6\u679c\u65b7\u884c\u52d5\uff0c\u53cd\u5c0d\u653f\u8b8a\u3002\u7576\u5929\u665a\u4e9b\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u62cd\u5230\u7ad9\u5728\u5854\u66fc\u65af\u5361\u5a6d\u5e2b\u7684\u4e00\u8f1b\u5766\u514b\u4e0a\u5411\u767d\u5bae\u5916\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\u8b1b\u8a71\uff0c\u8a72\u5e2b\u7684\u6307\u63ee\u5b98\u66fe\u627f\u8afe\u4fdd\u885b\u767d\u5bae\u3002\u4f46\u4e8b\u5be6\u662f\uff0c\u8449\u723e\u8f9b\u6700\u521d\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u662f\u9003\u5230\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u90ca\u5916\u7684\u5927\u838a\u5712\uff0c\u4ed6\u5e0c\u671b\u5728\u90a3\u88e1\u7d44\u5efa\u4e00\u500b\u53cd\u5c0d\u6d3e\u653f\u5e9c\u3002\u4ed6\u88ab\u8feb\u8981\u56de\u5230\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u3002\u6208\u5df4\u5951\u592b\u548c\u8449\u723e\u8f9b\u7576\u6642\u4f5c\u70ba\u9818\u5c0e\u6210\u54e1\u7684\u5171\u7522\u9ee8\uff0c\u5411\u5168\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u767c\u51fa\u96fb\u5831\uff0c\u6307\u793a\u5730\u5340\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u653f\u5e9c\u652f\u6301\u653f\u8b8a\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6578\u4eba\u90fd\u9019\u6a23\u505a\u4e86\u2014\u2014\u5305\u62ec\u97c3\u977c\u65af\u5766\u548c\u8eca\u81e3-\u5370\u53e4\u4ec0\u7b49\u4e3b\u8981\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u5171\u548c\u570b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5927\u591a\u6578\u4e3b\u8981\u57ce\u5e02\u653f\u5e9c\u3002\u5217\u5be7\u683c\u52d2\u662f\u500b\u4f8b\u5916\uff0c\u8a72\u5e02\u7684\u9818\u5c0e\u5c64\u5805\u6c7a\u53cd\u5c0d\u653f\u8b8a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u73fe\u5be6\u60c5\u6cc1\u662f\uff0c\u6c11\u773e\u767c\u52d5\u8d77\u7fa9\u53cd\u5c0d\u653f\u8b8a\u3002\u9019\u5e7e\u4e4e\u662f\u5728\u4e0d\u81ea\u89ba\u5730\u81ea\u767c\u800c\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4eba\u5011\u53ea\u662f\u6e67\u5165\u4e86\u5e02\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u7684\u53f8\u6a5f\u5831\u5ee2\u7121\u8ecc\u96fb\u8eca\u548c\u99c1\u8239\u99d5\u99db\u54e1\u7684\u884c\u52d5\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u7576\u6642\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u5169\u5927\u4e3b\u8981\u5831\u7d19\u4e4b\u4e00 \u7684\u300a\u6d88\u606f\u5831\u300b\u5370\u5237\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u5de5\u4eba\u626e\u6f14\u4e86\u95dc\u9375\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5a01\u8105\u7f77\u5de5\uff0c\u82e5\u679c\u8449\u723e\u8f9b\u4e0d\u767c\u8868\u53cd\u5c0d\u8072\u660e\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u5df2\u88ab\u8ecd\u65b9\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u96fb\u8996\u983b\u9053\u4e0a\uff0c\u54e1\u5de5\u6c7a\u5b9a\u62cd\u651d\u4e9e\u7d0d\u8036\u592b\u63e1\u624b\u7684\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4e5f\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u524a\u5f31\u653f\u8b8a\u8005\u7684\u6b0a\u5a01\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/isataiwan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/\u5217\u5be7\u683c\u52d2\u7fa4\u773e\u6297\u8b70\u53cd\u5c0d\u653f\u8b8a-1-1024x673.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11217\"\/><figcaption> \u5217\u5be7\u683c\u52d2\u7fa4\u773e\u6297\u8b70\u53cd\u5c0d\u653f\u8b8a <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u5217\u5be7\u683c\u52d2\uff0c\u5de8\u578b\u7684\u57fa\u6d1b\u592b\u5de5\u5ee0\u5de5\u4eba\u7f77\u5de5\u4e86\u3002\u8857\u9053\u4e0a\u793a\u5a01\u8005\u4e4b\u591a\uff0c\u4ee4\u8ecd\u968a\u751a\u81f3\u6c92\u6709\u8a66\u5716\u4f54\u9818\u9019\u5ea7\u57ce\u5e02\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u6d88\u606f\u50b3\u5230\u7926\u5340\uff0c\u7f77\u5de5\u4e5f\u958b\u59cb\u5728\u90a3\u88e1\u8513\u5ef6\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u5c11\u6578\u4eba\u7684\u679c\u6562\u8209\u63aa\u7d66\u4e86\u5927\u5bb6\u52c7\u6c23\uff0c\u4e26\u6fc0\u52f5\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u52a0\u5165\u3002\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728\u6700\u521d\u5e7e\u500b\u5c0f\u6642\u5167\u4fdd\u6301\u8b39\u614e\u7684\u4eba\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u6050\u61fc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u5230\u4e86\u9031\u4e09\u4e2d\u5348\uff0c\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u5df2\u7d93\u50b3\u51fa\u4e86\u5404\u7a2e\u98a8\u8072\u3002\u5766\u514b\u662f\u9032\u9084\u662f\u64a4\uff1f\u6208\u5df4\u5951\u592b\u600e\u9ebc\u4e86\uff1f\u653f\u8b8a\u9818\u5c0e\u4eba\u88ab\u902e\u6355\u4e86\u55ce\uff1f\u7136\u5f8c\uff0c\u653f\u8b8a\u5df2\u7d93\u6d41\u7522\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u50b3\u4f86\u3002\u6208\u5df4\u5951\u592b\u65bc\u9031\u56db\u51cc\u6668\u98db\u56de\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\uff0c\u5176\u9918\u7684\u653f\u8b8a\u7b56\u5283\u8005\u88ab\u6355\u3002\u4f46\u6208\u5df4\u5951\u592b\u548c\u8607\u806f\u7684\u6b0a\u5a01\u90fd\u56e0\u6b64\u906d\u53d7\u4e86\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u91cd\u5275\u3002\u8449\u723e\u8f9b\u4f5c\u70ba\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u7e3d\u7d71\u63a5\u7ba1\u4e86\u63a7\u5236\u6b0a\uff0c\u800c\u8607\u806f \u65bc12\u670825\u65e5\u4e5f\u88ab\u5ee2\u6b62\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u9019\u70ba\u5341\u4e94\u500b\u65b0\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8fc5\u901f\u5fa9\u8f9f\u958b\u95e2\u4e86\u9053\u8def\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u5341\u5e74\u5c0d\u65bc\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6578\u4eba\u4f86\u8aaa\u662f\u4e00\u5834\u707d\u96e3\u3002\u638c\u6b0a\u7684\u5b98\u50da\u5011\u901a\u904e\u5f37\u5236\u79c1\u6709\u5316\u3001\u76dc\u7aca\u3001\u63a0\u596a\u570b\u5bb6\u8ca1\u7522\u3001\u7a2e\u65cf\u885d\u7a81\uff0c\u5c07\u81ea\u5df1\u6416\u8eab\u4e00\u8b8a\u6210\u70ba\u65b0\u7684\u8cc7\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u3002 \u7d93\u6fdf\u906d\u53d7\u4e86\u4ee4\u4eba\u96e3\u4ee5\u7f6e\u4fe1\u7684\u5d29\u6f70\u2014\u2014GDP\u4e0b\u964d\u4e8650%\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u901a\u8ca8\u81a8\u8139\u7387\u5728\u4e00\u5ea6\u63a5\u8fd13000%\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u5730\u5340\u5230\u73fe\u5728\u9084\u6c92\u6709\u6062\u5fa9\u5230\u539f\u4f86\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u5de5\u4eba\u901a\u5e38\u8981\u906d\u9047\u9023\u7e8c\u6578\u6708\u7684\u7121\u85aa\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/isataiwan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/\u767d\u5bae\u9580\u5916\u6297\u8b70\u6b20\u85aa\u7684\u793a\u5a01\u2014\u20141990\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d-1-1-1024x475.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11214\"\/><figcaption> \u767d\u5bae\u9580\u5916\u6297\u8b70\u6b20\u85aa\u7684\u793a\u5a01\u2014\u20141990\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u4eba\u5011\u4f4f\u5728\u516c\u5bd3\u91cc\uff0c\u4f46\u70ba\u4e86\u7701\u9322\u4ed6\u5011\u9084\u662f\u5728\u5916\u9762\u751f\u706b\u505a\u98ef\u3002\u6c11\u65cf\u885d\u7a81\u548c\u6230\u722d\u5e2d\u6372\u9019\u4e9b\u5730\u5340\u2014\u2014\u5854\u5409\u514b\u65af\u5766\u7684\u4e94\u5e74\u5167\u6230\u596a\u8d70\u4e86\u6578\u842c\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u547d\u4e26\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e86100\u842c\u96e3\u6c11\uff0c\u8eca\u81e3\u7684\u5169\u6b21\u6230\u722d\uff081994-1996\u548c1999-2000\uff09\u9020\u6210\u6578\u5341\u842c\u4eba\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4ee5\u53ca\u6469\u723e\u591a\u74e6\u3001\u683c\u9b6f\u5409\u4e9e\u3001\u70cf\u514b\u862d\u3001\u4e9e\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9e\u548c\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u7684\u885d\u7a81\u90fd\u6709\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u7684\u4ecb\u5165\u3002\u50c5\u57282000\u5e74\u81f32008\u5e74\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u4e00\u6bb5\u76f8\u5c0d\u589e\u9577\u548c\u7a69\u5b9a\u7684\u6642\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/isataiwan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/1995\u5e74\u8449\u5229\u6b3d\u6307\u4f7f\u8f5f\u70b8\u5f8c\u7684\u8eca\u81e3\u9996\u5e9c\u683c\u7f85\u8332\u5c3c-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11215\"\/><figcaption>1995\u5e74\u8449\u723e\u8f9b\u6307\u4f7f\u8f5f\u70b8\u5f8c\u7684\u8eca\u81e3\u9996\u5e9c\u683c\u7f85\u8332\u5c3c<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p>\u7576\u8607\u806f\u7926\u5de5\u7d44\u7e54\u8d77\u4f86\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4e0d\u6eff\u662f\u53cd\u5c0d\u5b98\u50da\u96c6\u5718\u53ca\u5176\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u7576\u4ed6\u5011\u63d0\u51fa\u7d93\u6fdf\u8a34\u6c42\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u4e5f\u662f\u6539\u5584\u7d93\u6fdf\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5fa9\u8f9f\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3002\u89aa\u5e02\u5834\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u4f86\u81ea\u5b98\u50da\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f88\u5927\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u77e5\u8b58\u5206\u5b50\u3002\u4f46\u5373\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5011\u7121\u6cd5\u516c\u958b\u4e3b\u5f35\u5fa9\u8f9f\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u4e5f\u6703\u6253\u8457\u300c\u6c11\u4e3b\u300d\u7684\u5e4c\u5b50\u628a\u7d93\u6fdf\u4e3b\u5f35\u88ab\u5077\u904b\u5230\u7fa4\u773e\u610f\u8b58\u4e2d\u3002\u6700\u5e38\u807d\u5230\u7684\u547c\u8072\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f86\u81ea\u7926\u5de5\u7684\u547c\u8072\uff0c\u662f\u8981\u6c42\u5ee2\u9664\u61b2\u6cd5\u7b2c6\u689d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u4f46\u65b0\u7684\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5236\u5ea6\u9060\u975e\u6c11\u4e3b\u3002\u591a\u9ee8\u9078\u8209\u5be6\u884c\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5728\u4e00\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\u5167\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u8cc7\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u653f\u9ee8\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u76f8\u5c0d\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u65b0\u805e\u548c\u5c08\u5236\u653f\u6b0a\u7684\u8870\u5f31\u3002\u4f46\u9019\u7a2e\u300c\u6c11\u4e3b\u300d\u9084\u4e0d\u7a69\u5b9a\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u672a\u80fd\u6301\u7e8c\u5341\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>1993\u5e74\uff0c\u8449\u723e\u8f9b\u53cd\u5c0d\u653f\u8b8a\u7684\u524d\u76df\u53cb\u9b6f\u8328\u79d1\u4f0a\uff08Aleksandr Rutskoy\uff09\u548c\u54c8\u65af\u5e03\u62c9\u6258\u592b\uff08Ruslan Khasbulatov\uff09\u9818\u5c0e\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u8b70\u6703\u300c\u6700\u9ad8\u8607\u7dad\u57c3\u300d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4f54\u591a\u6578\u7684\u70ba\u300c\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u7d71\u4e00\u9ee8\u300d\uff0c\u5176\u6210\u54e1\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u5171\u7522\u9ee8\u4eba\u3001\u8ecd\u65b9\u4eba\u58eb\u548c\u53f3\u7ffc\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u3002 \u4ed6\u5011\u8072\u7a31\u64d4\u5fc3\u8449\u723e\u8f9b\u653f\u5e9c\u8fc5\u901f\u5411\u5e02\u5834\u904e\u6e21\u7684\u5f8c\u679c\uff0c\u9b6f\u8328\u79d1\u4f0a\u5c07\u5176\u63cf\u8ff0\u70ba\u300c\u7d93\u6fdf\u6ec5\u7d55\u300d\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u4ed6\u5011\u6216\u8a31\u662f\u4e0d\u6eff\u81ea\u5df1\u5f9e\u9019\u4e00\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6c92\u6709\u50cf\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u7372\u5f97\u4e00\u6a23\u591a\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u3002\u8b70\u6703\u8a66\u5716\u524a\u5f31\u8449\u723e\u8f9b\u4f5c\u70ba\u7e3d\u7d71\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u3002\u9019\u5834\u6b0a\u9b25\u767c\u5c55\u53ea1993\u5e749\u6708\uff0c\u8449\u723e\u8f9b\u4e0b\u4ee4\u66ab\u505c\u4e26\u570d\u653b\u767d\u5bae\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u8607\u7dad\u57c3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/isataiwan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/1993\u5e74\u8449\u5229\u6b3d\u653f\u8b8a\u5f8c\u7684\u767d\u5bae-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" 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