{"id":9375,"date":"2020-04-27T00:05:21","date_gmt":"2020-04-26T16:05:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.socialism.org.tw\/?p=9375"},"modified":"2020-04-27T00:05:21","modified_gmt":"2020-04-26T16:05:21","slug":"20200426","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/isataiwan.org\/20200426\/","title":{"rendered":"\u8003\u8328\u57fa\u548c\u901a\u5411\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u8b70\u6703\u9b25\u722d\u4e4b\u8def\u2500\u2500\u5c0dEric Blanc\u7684\u56de\u5fa9"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u61c9\u7576\u63ed\u7a7f\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u504f\u898b\u4f86\u6311\u6230\u570b\u5bb6\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u501f\u52a9\u9019\u7a2e\u5f62\u5f0f\u4f86\u8207\u4e4b\u9b25\u722d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<p><strong>Rob Rooke\u6240\u4f5c\uff08\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u66ff\u4ee3\uff0cISA\u7f8e\u570b\u652f\u90e8\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u5011\u6b63\u89aa\u8eab\u7d93\u6b77\u7f8e\u570b\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u6232\u5287\u6027\u968e\u6bb5\uff1a\u5118\u7ba1\u5ddd\u666e\u7684\u4efb\u671f\u52a9\u9577\u4e86\u53f3\u7ffc\u7684\u6c23\u7130\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u76ee\u7779\u4e86\u7f77\u5de5\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u56de\u6f6e\uff0c\u4ee5\u7f8e\u570b\u6c11\u4e3b\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\uff08DSA\uff09\u70ba\u9996\u7684\u65b0\u5de6\u7ffc\u5d1b\u8d77\uff0c\u4e9e\u6b77\u5c71\u5fb7\u91cc\u5a6d\u00b7\u6b50\u52a0\u4fee-\u5bc7\u8482\u8332<em>\uff08Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez\uff09<\/em>\u7684\u9a5a\u8277\u8868\u73fe\u4f7f\u5979\u5f97\u4ee5\u6210\u70ba\u7f8e\u570b\u653f\u58c7\u5167\u7684\u65b0\u661f\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6851\u5fb7\u65af\uff08Bernie 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Kautsky)\u662f19\u4e16\u7d00\u672b\u5fb7\u570b\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e0a\u5347\u671f\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7406\u8ad6\u5bb6\u3002\u7576\u6642\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u6f38\u9032\u7684\u7acb\u6cd5\u6539\u9769\u53d6\u4ee3\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u9996\u6b21\u88ab\u5de5\u6703\u9818\u8896\u548c\u5fb7\u570b\u793e\u6703\u6c11\u4e3b\u9ee8\uff08SPD\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u6d3e\u63d0\u51fa\u3002\u8003\u8328\u57fa\u8d77\u5148\u53cd\u5c0d\u9019\u7a2e\u6539\u826f\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u57fa\u65bc\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u5f9e1871\u5e74\u5df4\u9ece\u516c\u793e\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u4e2d\u5f97\u51fa\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u5de5\u4eba\u968e\u7d1a\u66fe\u638c\u6b0a\u4e86\u4e09\u500b\u6708\u3002\u8003\u8328\u57fa\u548c\u5217\u5be7\u90fd\u540c\u610f\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff1a\u820a\u6709\u7684\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u570b\u5bb6\u6a5f\u5668\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u9010\u6b65\u5730\u596a\u53d6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u5168\u9762\u6467\u6bc0\u4e26\u4e14\u4ee5\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u570b\u5bb6\u53d6\u800c\u4ee3\u4e4b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u6b63\u5982\u5e03\u862d\u514b\u81ea\u5df1\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\uff0c\u8003\u8328\u57fa\u6700\u7d42\u4e5f\u88ab\u6539\u826f\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6240\u8831\u60d1\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6230\u7206\u767c\u6642\uff0c\u8003\u8328\u57fa\u8207SPD\u7684\u9818\u5c0e\u5c64\u4e00\u8d77\u53cd\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u570b\u969b\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u5fb7\u570b\u7d71\u6cbb\u968e\u7d1a\u7684\u6230\u722d\u52d5\u54e1\u3002\u9019\u500b\u6b77\u53f2\u6027\u7684\u80cc\u53db\u88ab\u6b50\u6d32\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7fa4\u773e\u9ee8\u548c\u5de5\u4eba\u9ee8\u7684\u9818\u8896\u4e00\u518d\u91cd\u8907\uff0c\u5b83\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e861600\u842c\u52de\u52d5\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u72a7\u7272\u3002\u6230\u722d\u904e\u5f8c\uff0c\u9769\u547d\u5728\u6b50\u6d32\u5404\u5730\u8513\u5ef6\u958b\u4f86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p><strong>\u82ac\u862d\u7684\u8b70\u6703\u548c\u653f\u9ee8<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u5e03\u862d\u514b\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u89c0\u5ff5\u662f\uff0c\u4fc4\u570b\u9769\u547d\u5c0d\u65bc\u767c\u9054\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u52de\u52d5\u4eba\u6c11\u7121\u8db3\u8f15\u91cd\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u82ac\u862d1917-1918\u5e74\u7684\u9769\u547d\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u8003\u8328\u57fa\u6240\u8a2d\u60f3\u7684\u65b0\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u300c\u8b70\u6703\u5f0f\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u9053\u8def\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u9769\u547d\u7206\u767c\u4e4b\u6642\uff0c\u82ac\u862d\u8207\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u90fd\u88ab\u6c99\u7687\u9435\u8155\u7d71\u6cbb\uff0c\u9078\u8209\u81ea\u7531\u53d7\u5230\u9650\u5236\u3002\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u7684\u653f\u9ad4\u4e0d\u50c5\u6709\u5229\u65bc\u5927\u5730\u4e3b\u8207\u65b0\u8208\u8cc7\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\uff0c\u9084\u963b\u6b62\u4e86\u5de5\u4eba\u8207\u8fb2\u6c11\u2500\u2500\u5360\u7e3d\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u7d55\u5927\u591a\u6578\u2500\u2500\u64c1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u653f\u6cbb\u6b0a\u529b\u3002\u6c99\u7687\u6240\u5275\u9020\u7684\u675c\u99ac\u7d55\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u8cc7\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u8b70\u6703\u3002\u5b83\u53ea\u6709\u5341\u5206\u6709\u9650\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u96a8\u6642\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u6c99\u7687\u89e3\u6563\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u8b70\u6703\u662f\u53cd\u5c0d\u6c99\u7687\u7368\u88c1\u904b\u52d5\u4e2d\u7684\u6fc0\u9032\u6d3e\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8a34\u6c42\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u5118\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u793e\u6703\u6c11\u4e3b\u5de5\u9ee8\u7684\u5de6\u7ffc\u2500\u2500\u5e03\u723e\u4ec0\u7dad\u514b\u2500\u2500\u4ecd\u7136\u53c3\u52a0\u4e86\u7d55\u5927\u591a\u6578\u9078\u8209\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u80fd\u5920\u7576\u9078\u675c\u99ac\u4ee3\u8868\u3002\u64da\u963f\u5217\u514b\u8b1d\u00b7\u5df4\u9054\u8036\u592b\uff08Aleksei Badayev\uff09\u6240\u8457\u7684\u300a\u6c99\u4fc4\u675c\u99ac\u4e2d\u7684\u5e03\u723e\u4ec0\u7dad\u514b\uff08Bolsheviks in the Tsarist Duma\uff09\u300b\u4e00\u66f8\u4e2d\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u57281912\u5e74\u9078\u8209\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e03\u723e\u4ec0\u7dad\u514b\u8d0f\u5f97\u4e86\u4e00\u767e\u842c\u7522\u696d\u5de5\u4eba\u4e2d88%\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u7576\u6642\u5c6c\u65bc\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u5e1d\u570b\u7684\u82ac\u862d\uff0c1905\u5e74\u7684\u9769\u547d\u5f8c\uff0c\u6c99\u7687\u65bc1907\u5e74\u8b93\u6b65\u5bb9\u8a31\u7576\u5730\u8a2d\u7acb\u4e00\u500b\u6709\u9650\u5ea6\u7684\u8b70\u6703\u30021908\u81f31916\u5e74\u9593\uff0c\u4fc4\u570b\u6c99\u7687\u5c3c\u53e4\u62c9\u4e8c\u4e16\u6191\u501f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u300c\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u5316\u300d\u671f\u9593\u7d44\u5efa\u7684\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u5e1d\u570b\u8ecd\u8ecd\u5b98\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u5b8c\u5168\u525d\u596a\u4e86\u82ac\u862d\u8b70\u6703\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u3002\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6bcf\u5e74\u90fd\u6703\u89e3\u6563\u4e26\u91cd\u9078\u8b70\u6703\u3002\u7576\u82ac\u862d\u793e\u6703\u6c11\u4e3b\u9ee8(SDP)\u57281916\u5e74\u5927\u9078\u4e2d\u8d0f\u5f97\u4e86\u591a\u6578\u6642\uff0c\u6c99\u7687\u53c8\u4e00\u6b21\u95dc\u9589\u4e86\u8b70\u6703\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\u82ac\u862d\u672a\u66fe\u7d93\u6b77\u904e\u9577\u671f\u7a69\u5b9a\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u65bc\u8003\u8328\u57fa\u6240\u5728\u7684\u5fb7\u570b\u6216\u662f\u82ac\u862d\u7684\u9130\u570b\u745e\u5178\u90a3\u6a23\u3002\u5728\u90a3\u4e9b\u5730\u65b9\u6539\u826f\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u66f4\u70ba\u5f37\u52e2\uff0c\u6108\u4f86\u6108\u53d7\u5de5\u6703\u5b98\u54e1\u548c\u8b70\u6703\u4ee3\u8868\u6240\u628a\u6301\u7684\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u9ee8\u6d3e\u4e5f\u8d8a\u767c\u5b98\u50da\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u5e03\u862d\u514b\u628a\u82ac\u862d\u793e\u6c11\u9ee8\u7684\u9078\u8209\u52dd\u5229\u6b78\u56e0\u65bc\u300c\u968e\u7d1a\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u8010\u5fc3\u7d44\u7e54\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u300d\u3002\u9019\u96d6\u7136\u662f\u5c0d\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5ffd\u8996\u4e86\u8af8\u591a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u2014\u2014\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6230\u722d\u2014\u2014\u6240\u5e36\u4f86\u610f\u8b58\u4e0a\u7684\u6232\u5287\u6027\u8b8a\u5316\u3002\u82ac\u862d\u672a\u66fe\u7d93\u6b77\u904e\u7a69\u5b9a\u7684\u3001\u5168\u9762\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u589e\u9577\uff0c\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u9019\u8207\u4fc4\u570b\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u66f4\u52a0\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u8207\u82ac\u862d\u7684\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u4e5f\u4e0d\u65b7\u9032\u884c\u5c0d\u8a71\uff0c\u5e03\u723e\u4ec0\u7dad\u514b\u5c0d\u6c11\u65cf\u58d3\u8feb\u554f\u984c\u7684\u6b63\u78ba\u8209\u63aa\u8207\u5c0d\u82ac\u862d\u81ea\u6c7a\u6b0a\u7684\u652f\u6301\u52a0\u6df1\u4e86\u9019\u7a2e\u806f\u7e6b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u57281917\u5e746\u6708\u7684\u82ac\u862d\u793e\u6c11\u9ee8\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u6703\u4e0a\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u5e03\u723e\u4ec0\u7dad\u514b\u9818\u5c0e\u4eba\u4e9e\u6b77\u5c71\u5fb7\u62c9\u00b7\u67ef\u502b\u6cf0\uff08Alexandra Kollontai\uff09\u95dc\u65bc\u793e\u6703\u9769\u547d\u548c\u82ac\u862d\u7368\u7acb\u6b0a\u7684\u547c\u7c72\u8d0f\u5f97\u4e86\u96f7\u9cf4\u822c\u7684\u638c\u8072\u3002\u5e03\u723e\u4ec0\u7dad\u514b\u5011\u662f\u5805\u5b9a\u7684\u570b\u969b\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f9e\u4ed6\u5011\u9818\u5c0e\u5c64\u4e2d\u7684\u8a31\u591a\u7336\u592a\u4eba\u3001\u683c\u9b6f\u5409\u4e9e\u4eba\u3001\u70cf\u514b\u862d\u4eba\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5c11\u6578\u6c11\u65cf\u4eba\u58eb\u5f97\u4ee5\u53cd\u6620\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u90a3\u7a2e\u8a8d\u70ba\u82ac\u862d\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u300c\u53d7\u5230\u5967\u6258\u00b7\u5eab\u897f\u5be7\uff08Otto 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u7684\u82f1\u570b\uff0c\u5de5\u9ee8\u4e2d\u7684\u300c\u6230\u9b25\u6d3e\uff08the Militant tendency ,\u00a0\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u66ff\u4ee3\u7684\u59ca\u59b9\u7d44\u7e54\uff09\u300d\u767c\u8d77\u4e26\u5f15\u5c0e\u4e86\u4e0a\u767e\u842c\u4eba\u52a0\u5165\u53cd\u5c0d\u82f1\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u65b0\u5fb5\u6536\u7684\u4eba\u982d\u7a05\u7684\u300c\u53cd\u4eba\u982d\u7a05\u904b\u52d5\uff08Anti-Poll Tax campaign\uff09\u300d\u3002\u8d85\u904e\u4e00\u5343\u842c\u4eba\u53c3\u8207\u5230\u7f77\u7a05\u904b\u52d5\u4e2d\uff0c\u8feb\u4f7f\u6642\u4efb\u9996\u76f8\u7684\u67f4\u5951\u723e\u8fad\u8077\u3002\u6240\u6709\u6230\u9b25\u6d3e\u7684\u5e02\u8b70\u54e1\u548c\u53c3\u8b70\u54e1\u88ab\u5a01\u8105\u8981\u70ba\u7f77\u7a05\u904b\u52d5\u5750\u7262\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5927\u591a\u6578\u5de5\u9ee8\u7684\u8b70\u54e1\u5718\u5e7e\u4e4e\u672a\u7d66\u9019\u500b\u8a66\u5716\u6297\u62d2\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u904b\u52d5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4efb\u4f55\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u79d1\u723e\u8cd3\u662f\u5c11\u6578\u4f8b\u5916\u7684\u570b\u6703\u8b70\u54e1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u5e02\u8b70\u6703\u3001\u7acb\u6cd5\u6a5f\u95dc\u548c\u570b\u6703\u5c0d\u5de5\u4eba\u968e\u7d1a\u4f86\u8aaa\u5f9e\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5b88\u820a\u548c\u53cd\u52d5\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u5de5\u4eba\u4ee3\u8868\u9032\u5165\u4e86\u9019\u7a2e\u6a5f\u69cb\uff0c\u7d71\u6cbb\u968e\u7d1a\u5c31\u7528\u5b83\u5168\u90e8\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u3001\u7d93\u6fdf\u7684\u548c\u6587\u5316\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u4f86\u544a\u8a34\u4ed6\u5011\u5927\u6539\u9769\u662f\u4e0d\u5207\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u3002\u5091\u745e\u7c73\u00b7\u79d1\u723e\u8cd3\u7576\u9078\u82f1\u570b\u5de5\u9ee8\u9ee8\u9b41\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u5c0d\u4ed6\u5de6\u7ffc\u653f\u7b56\u6700\u5927\u7684\u652f\u6301\u4f86\u81ea\u8a72\u9ee8\u7684\u57fa\u5c64\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u963b\u529b\u4f86\u81ea\u8a72\u9ee8\u7576\u9078\u7684\u591a\u6578\u8b70\u54e1\uff0c\u9019\u7d55\u975e\u5de7\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u5118\u7ba1\u56f0\u96e3\u91cd\u91cd\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u8cc7\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u6a5f\u69cb\u4e2d\u722d\u53d6\u548c\u8d0f\u5f97\u5e2d\u4f4d\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u70ba\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8b8a\u9769\u7372\u5f97\u7fa4\u773e\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u66ff\u4ee3\u628a\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u7684\u53c3\u9078\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u64f4\u5927\u8207\u5efa\u8a2d\u7fa4\u773e\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u597d\u6642\u6a5f\uff0c\u8d0f\u5f97\u7684\u52dd\u5229\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9f13\u821e\u5de5\u4eba\u968e\u7d1a\u9032\u884c\u81ea\u6211\u7d44\u7e54\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u897f\u96c5\u5716\u7684\u5e02\u8b70\u54e1\u5361\u838e\u746a\u00b7\u85a9\u65fa\u7279\uff08Kshama 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Mullin\uff09\u5728\u5176\u64b0\u5beb\u7684\u66a2\u92b7\u66f8\u300a\u82f1\u5f0f\u653f\u8b8a\uff08A Very British 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